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Severity factor
A severity factor is established as a coefficient to assess the dielectric severity supported by a transformer winding considering the incoming transient overvoltage (voltage spike). It determines the safety margin regarding to the standard acceptance tests either in the frequency or time domain.
Severity factors are a newly concept for analyzing the dielectric severity supported along transformer windings when a transformer is submitted to a non-standardized transient voltage waveform induced from the power system.
Two are the new factors considered for evaluating the severity supported by the insulation windings both in factory and in service. One factor is called Time Domain Severity Factor (TDSF) and another one is the Frequency Domain Severity Factor (FDSF).
==Background==
One first approach to the concept of severity factor was made by Malewski et al.〔R. Malewski, J. Douville, L. Lavallee, "Measurement of Switching Transients in 735 kV Substations and Assessment of their Severity for Transformer Insulation," IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol.3, no.4, pp.1380-1390, Oct. 1988.〕 Later, Asano et al. applied the Malewski’s idea for further analysis but including the concept of Energy Spectral Density (ESD) associated to the transient voltage wave.〔Asano, R., Rocha, A., Bastos, G. M., “Electrical Transient Interaction Between Transformers and the Power System”, CIGRÉ A2-D1 Colloquium, Brugge, Belgium, October 2007.〕 A step forward was given by Rocha et al., whom introduced a new coefficient called Frequency Domain Severity Factor (FDSF).〔A. C. O. Rocha, “(Electrical Transient Interaction Between Transformers and the Power Systems )”, CIGRÉ Session 2008, pp. 1-10, Paris France, August 2008.〕〔Joint Working Group SC A2 CIGRÉ, "(Electrical Transient Interaction between Transformers and Power Systems )", Technical Brochure JWGA2/C439, Part-1 Expertise&Part-2 Case Studies, April 2014〕 For those situations where an internal assessment is necessary a new coefficient named Time Domain Severity Factor (TDSF) was proposed by Casimiro Alvarez-Mariño & Xose M. Lopez-Fernandez.〔C. Álvarez-Mariño, Xose M. Lopez-Fernandez, A. J. M. Jácomo-Ramos, R. A. F. Castro-Lopes, J. M. Duarte-Couto, "(Time Domain Severity Factor (TDSF): Induced Transient Voltage Between Transformer and Vacuum Circuit Breakers )," COMPEL: The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering, vol.31 no.2, pp.670-681, 2012.〕〔Xose m. Lopez-Fernandez and Casimiro Alvarez-Mariño, "(Induced Transient Voltage Performance Between Transformers and VCB. Severity Factors and Case Studies ),"IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Issue 99., April 2015.〕〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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